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Rosicrucianism is a philosophical secret society said〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Catholic University of America Press )〕 to have been founded in late medieval Germany by Christian Rosenkreuz. It holds a doctrine or theology "built on esoteric truths of the ancient past", which, "concealed from the average man, provide insight into nature, the physical universe and the spiritual realm."〔Lindgren, Carl Edwin, ''(The way of the Rose Cross; A Historical Perception, 1614–1620 )''. Journal of Religion and Psychical Research, Volume 18, Number 3:141–48. 1995.〕 Rosicrucianism is symbolized by the Rosy Cross or Rose Cross. Between 1607 and 1616, two anonymous manifestos were published, first in Germany and later throughout Europe. These were the ''Fama Fraternitatis RC'' (''The Fame of the Brotherhood of RC'') and the ''Confessio Fraternitatis'' (''The Confession of the Brotherhood of RC''). The influence of these documents, presenting a "most laudable Order" of mystic-philosopher-doctors and promoting a "Universal Reformation of Mankind", gave rise to an enthusiasm called by its historian Dame Frances Yates the "Rosicrucian Enlightenment".〔Yates, Frances A. (1972), ''The Rosicrucian Enlightenment'', London〕 Rosicrucian manifestos opposed Roman Catholicism and its preference for dogma over empiricism, similar to texts authored by the Protestant Reformer Martin Luther. They traced their philosophy and science to the Moors, asserting that it had been kept secret for 120 years until the intellectual climate might receive it. Early seventeenth-century occult philosophers such as Michael Maier, Robert Fludd and Thomas Vaughan interested themselves in the Rosicrucian world view.〔 According to historian David Stevenson it was also influential to Freemasonry as it was emerging in Scotland.〔 In later centuries, many esoteric societies have claimed to derive their doctrines, in whole or in part, from the original Rosicrucians. Several modern societies have been formed for the study of Rosicrucianism and allied subjects. ==Origins== The ''Fama Fraternitatis'' presented the legend of a German doctor and mystic philosopher referred to as "Frater C.R.C." (later identified in a third manifesto as Christian Rosenkreuz, or "Rose-cross"). The year 1378 is presented as being the birth year of "our Christian Father", and it is stated that he lived 106 years. After studying in the Middle East under various masters, possibly adhering to Sufism,〔http://www.nthposition.com/lususserius.php〕 he was unable to spread the knowledge he had acquired to any prominent European figures. Instead, he gathered a small circle of friends/disciples and founded the Rosicrucian Order (this can be deduced to have occurred around 1407). During Rosenkreuz's lifetime, the Order was said to consist of no more than eight members, each a doctor and a sworn bachelor. Each member undertook an oath to heal the sick without payment, to maintain a secret fellowship, and to find a replacement for himself before he died. Three such generations had supposedly passed between c.1500 and c.1600, a time when scientific, philosophical and religious freedom had grown so that the public might benefit from the Rosicrucians' knowledge, so that they were now seeking good men.〔Gorceix, Bernard (1970), ''La Bible des Rose-Croix'', Paris: a work of reference, containing translations of the three Rosicrucian Manifestos, recommended in ''Accès de l'Ésoterisme Occidental'' (1986, 1996) by Antoine Faivre (École Pratique des Hautes Études, Sorbonne)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rosicrucianism」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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